CA PLS Exam Preparation
Comprehensive preparation for the California Professional Land Surveyor (PLS) exam. Based on the January 2025 Test Plan with 6 modules and 57 topics. Content adapted from CalTrans LS/LSIT Video Exam Preparation Course materials.
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Module 1: Business Practices and Project Management
1Explaining Land Surveying to the Public2Proposals and Contracts3Procuring Surveying Services4Directing Personnel5Coordinating with Third Parties6Project Standards7Project Execution Planning8Monument Preservation9Managing a Surveying Business10Subdivision Map Act11Professional Land Surveyors Act12Conflicts of Interest
Module 2: Research, Project Planning and Preparation
Module 3: Field Operations and Investigations
Module 4: Analysis and Evaluation
33Analyzing Field Evidence and Documentation34Evaluating Historic vs. Measured Accuracy35Spatial Relationships of Maps and Data36Boundary Location Conflicts37Title Conflicts38Survey Adjustments (Least Squares, Error Analysis)39Quality Assurance and Control40Reconciling Deeds with Field Evidence41Technology Limitations in Practice
Module 5: Mapping and Document Preparation
Lesson 9
Managing a Surveying Business
Managing a Surveying Business
Overview
Operating a surveying business requires understanding of business fundamentals, professional requirements, and industry-specific challenges. Success depends on balancing technical excellence with sound business practices.
Learning Objectives
- Understand business entity options
- Manage financial operations
- Maintain required licenses and insurance
- Develop marketing strategies
Key Concepts
Business Entity Options
Common structures for survey firms:
- Sole proprietorship
- Partnership
- Professional Corporation (PC)
- Limited Liability Company (LLC)
- Note: California requires a licensed surveyor to have responsible charge
Financial Management
Key financial considerations:
- Billing and collections
- Cost tracking by project
- Overhead rate calculation
- Equipment depreciation
- Cash flow management
Professional Requirements
Maintaining a California survey practice requires:
- Active PLS license in good standing
- Continuing education compliance
- Professional liability insurance
- Workers' compensation coverage
- Business licenses and registrations
Marketing and Business Development
Building a survey practice through:
- Reputation and referrals
- Professional networking
- Online presence
- Professional organization involvement
- Quality client service
Key Terms
- Overhead Rate: Indirect costs expressed as a percentage of direct labor
- Utilization Rate: Percentage of time billed to clients
- Professional Corporation: Business entity for licensed professionals
Practice Questions
- What licenses and insurance are required to operate a survey business in California?
- How is overhead rate calculated and why is it important?